Frozen-thawed (FT) embryo transfer is a procedure used for the storage and transfer of excess embryos obtained during in vitro fertilization– intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles. In recent years, improvements in laboratory conditions and limitations on the number of embryos to be transferred have led to a progressive increase in FT embryo transfer cycles. However, the best solution for endometrial preparation in these cycles is still a matter of debate.

In this study, we aimed to review the current methods of endometrial preparation in FT embryo transfer cycles. In light of the current literature, it is hard to determine which method is the best for endometrial preparation. It is therefore necessary to conduct randomized controlled studies in a prospective design, which will also evaluate the above-mentioned factors.

Keywords: Thawing, embryo cryopreservation, endometrial preparation, frozen-thawed embryo transfer, transdermal estradiol